![]() Sam's Laser FAQ - Commercial Solid State Lasers. While not specified to be Single Longitudinal Mode (SLM or single. SLM. Of. two samples I've tested, one was nearly pure SLM and the other was. SLM once locked. In both cases, during the locking. The laser head has two pump laser diodes (unlike the single one in. DPY3. 15. II). They are each fed by a programmable current source. TECs. The typical current limit seems to be. A range, which suggests that they are each rated at. The controller/power supply box contains a massive DC power supply. DC- DC converters for the laser diode and TEC drivers, and the microprocessor. There are actually 6 plug- in driver boards. I assume consist of 2 for the LDs and 4 for the TECs. Of the. latter, 2 are probably for the LDs and the other 2 are for the doubler (KTP). The microcontroller assembly is similar to the one in the DPY3. II's separate. controller box and runs firmware which is identical as far as the. RS2. 32 interface is concerned (though no doubt optimized. Despite the controller/power supply box being the size of a desktop PC. Laser On/Off pushbutton. A toggle switch to operate the optional shutter. ![]() Retrouvez toutes les discothèque Marseille et se retrouver dans les plus grandes soirées en discothèque à Marseille. 42315 في في في stop_word 39592 من من من stop_word. Back to Sam's Laser FAQ Table of Contents. Back to Commercial Solid State Lasers Sub-Table of Contents. Introduction This chapter contains information on specific. There is a red Power LED, a set of flashing yellow Emission LEDs. Laser On/Off switch, a red or yellow CAL/SCAL. LED, and a green READY LED. CAL and SCAL can only be initiated manually. RS2. 32 interface - there are no buttons on the front panel for. A hedge is an investment position intended to offset potential losses or gains that may be incurred by a companion investment. In simple language, a hedge is used to. DPY3. 15. II lasers. For general operation and behavior, please refer to the previous section. DPY3. 15. II lasers. There is also a firmware log there that shows. I have tested two samples of the DPY4. II. They both date from around. Laser #1 truly tests like new, despite having had almost 6,0. This is still young with 1. It is capable of maintaining well over 5. W. Laser #2 only has around 6. W. Back to Commercial Solid State Lasers Sub- Table of. Coherent Compass- M Green DPSS Lasers. Note: Information on adjustment and repair of these lasers has been moved. SS Laser Testing, Adjustment. Originally, there were three lasers in this family: The C2. M, C3. 15. M, and. C4. 15. M. They are all very high quality 1. W green. DPSS laser manufactured by Coherent, Inc.. It is one of their Compass series. Information and datasheets may be found. Product", "Lasers", "Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers", and. CW DPSS Lasers" links at their Web site. Now (as of 2. 01. SLM) C1. 15. M (discussed. The C5. 61. M uses. C3. 15. M, but it is not known whether this is always. There was also an older OEM model called the C3. M- FP, a fiber- coupled. C3. 15. M controller. The C1. 15. M and C3. M- FP described after the C2. M, C3. 15. M, and C4. M. These lasers were originally developed by a company named Adlas (Advanced. Design Lasers) in Germany. Adlas was bought by Coherent but only the newer. Coherent part number. They all appear to still be. Germany. Older C3. Ms have a DPY3. 15. M model number but. PCB which. are mostly artwork related, they appear functionally identical. There were a number of earlier Adlas models with a similar basic design. See the sections starting. Adlas 3. 00 Green DPSS Laser. The third generation Adlas laser designs which includes the C2. M, C3. 15. M, and. C4. 15. M, were a "major" upgrade and so Coherent than just bought Adlas to. The Ads for the Adlas. DPY 3. 15. M only ran for a couple months and then they came out as Coherent. According to information that used to be on the Coherent Web site, the C2. M. and C3. 15. M are supposed to be single frequency (single longitudinal mode). The only reference still present there. Comparison Chart for Continuous Wave (CW) Solid. State Diode Pumped Laser Systems" at the bottom of the "CW DPSS Lasers". The Coherent Web site has been flip- flopping on this over. Unlike the. Coherent 5. DPSS laser, these do not use a ring cavity but. Fabry- Perot (linear). KTP were used in conjunction with the Brewster plate to. KTP had surfaces coated (or uncoated) to. Both of these appear likely. See the cavity. descriptions, below, and the section. Birefringence or Etalon Effect Used for Mode. Selection in C3. 15. M?) Since the spec is no longer present, I wonder if. One current specification in. RMS from 1. 0 Hz to 1 GHz for the C3. M and C4. 15. M; and 0. RMS for the. C2. 15. M. This would most likely be orders of magnitude higher. And I did do some tests of. C3. 15. M laser head and indications are that it is indeed single. See the section. Testing the C3. M. Laser Head for Single Frequency Operation, which also includes some. However, note that the Coherent chart. C4. 15. M is "broadband" meaning not single frequency, yet it still. I've only known of a few C3. M lasers that operated non- single frequency. Coherent controller. One would just mode hop. Hz between two very clean modes at certain power. Another had "ghost" modes at any power setting with associated "spiking". And a third would do this but mostly at higher power. However, I was able to get a randomly selected C3. M laser. head to produce a low level (but stable) second mode when driven using. Nd: YAG gain curve. But it would run reliably single frequency on the. Coherent controller. Also, some units will briefly go to non- SLM during. KTP and/or RES temperature is changing. I've also seen one C3. M that produced a very low level (less than 2. None of this is particularly conclusive with. C3. 15. M lasers because I've never seen one. All those I've tested have been either removed from service due to. Adlas and Coherent have both waffled on guaranteeing SLM operation. They will only say that most of the units are SLM most of the time. I assume that when stabilized near the middle of the gain curve, they. SLM. But if the controller gets carried away trying. SLM operation. And some units are more prone. Most of the information below is for the C3. M since these laser heads have. Coherent Analog. Controller (LD and TEC driver unit with analog user interface), and. Digital Controller (which plugs into the Analog. Controller and adds a computer interface). The C3. 15. M is available in. W though the most common one on the. W (rated) version, the C3. M- 1. 00. The output. The maximum user adjustable power may be set by. There is no modulation capability. There is also a Coherent Compass 4. M which is higher power (versions up to. W) but bears much similarity to the C3. M. However, it was. It uses a slightly different and. The. head PCB which includes the "personality" settings for the laser is more. C3. 15. M. (see below) but it's possible that the actual internal wiring of the head. At least there are the same number of pins going inside. See the sections starting with: C4. M. Laser Head for more info. Most references to the C4. M have now. disappeared from the Coherent Web site as it is no longer being. The other laser in the original Compass- M family is the C2. M, a lower power. W. It is much more similar to the C3. M than. the C4. 15. M but the controller is definitely not the same and has a lower. The overall system is probably. C3. 15. M. I have tested a C2. M- 7. 5 laser head on both. C2. 15. M and C3. M controllers and it works fine. But whether the stability. C3. 15. M controller is not known, though. I'd expect them to be similar. Due to the method of construction, all three of these lasers should retain. Everything internally is fastened by. A fall onto a concrete floor. In 2. 00. 5, Coherent has added a C1. M laser to its product line. This is. a low power (5 or 1. W) laser which uses a very different design. It. has obviously been cost reduced (the blurb even says so), as the controller. PCB that fits over the laser. Given the configuration of the laser. The C1. 15. M has a more conventional cavity design than the other. Compass- M lasers and it is not single frequency. And, if you happen across a truckload of junked lithosetters, rumor has it that. C3. 15. M lasers is the Agfa Galileo, which is an. Newer ones are now using violet laser. As of 2. 00. 6, there is a Coherent C5. C3. 15. M design but with different. SHG crystal (or just phase matching angle). Nd: YAG. has a lasing line at 1,1. W at present, but hopefully that will improve.
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HP CD / DVD Drivers Download for Windows 1. XP, Vista. It is easy to find the right driver for your installed device. We have the most supported HP CD / DVD Drivers available for Free Download. And for the most popular HP products and devices. Use our custom search to find popular HP CD / DVD models. You can also search our whole driver archive to find the exact driver that fits your needs. Browse the list below of the most popular HP CD / DVD devices to find yours. Or go for automatic driver updates and get the correct Windows driver with just one click. The best way to fix your PC to run at peak performance is to update your drivers. Below is a list of our most popular HP CD / DVD support software and device drivers. First select the Model Name or Number of your device. Next click the Download button. If you do not find the right match, type the model in the search box below to Search our HP Device Driver Support Database. You may see different versions. Choose the best match for your PC. Need more help? Discuss driver problems and ask for help from our community on our Free Driver Help Forum. Or you can request a driver and we will find it for you. We employ a team from around the world. They add hundreds of new drivers to our site every day. Blessay: Designing Enterprise DMZ and multilayer Firewall Clusters. In modern Enterprise networks, you typically have many clusters of firewalls protecting assets in your network. Since we use two or more layers of firewalls, we can put our DMZ for intermediate security zones in different places in our network. Lets gather together the different options and consider the merits or not, and sometimes how they ‘self- build’. Zones and Separation. ![]() For many networks, you need to separate different areas of the network. When separated for security reasons, these zones typically have a firewall put in to provide security and control that traffic that flows between these. ![]() ![]()
It gets more complicated when there are services that needs to belong to two or more zones and so we have DMZ ((de- militarized zones)). DMZ have been around for along time, but there are many more choices for implementation. Lets look into some of these implementation and design ideas. Zones. For this document, I will focus on just two zones, an external and internal. The external zone will be untrusted and where evil must be stopped (like the Internet for example), and the internal zone is where the users are. Of course you can have more than one Internal Zone or more than one External Zone. For a normal network, the traffic flows could be demonstrated to go between all zones at any time. But when you add a firewall, security is enforced. Two Firewall Layers. For all large companies, it is policy to use two firewalls for the gateway to the Internet. This fundamental idea is a long held belief in the security community that firewalls aren’t really secure. It’s probably is based on the fact that Checkpoint firewalls, the only firewall vendor at the time, had a major problem in the late nineties which meant they didn’t actually work, and could be easily bypassed. Ever since this time, security policy has mandated the use of two firewalls to remove this risk [slider title=”but question of whether it is more secure remains unclear”]One of my favourite ways to upset security consultants from the major global firms, is to demand that clearly document how much more securetwo firewalls would be. For example, if I have a Cisco ASA and Nokia/Checkpoint, is it ten percent better ? Twenty percent ? Of course there is no answer for this, and the contortions that they will go to justify the statement is quite delightful. Sadly, most of these so- called security consultants have never even thought about it.[/slider]What about product selection ? For most people the choice has already been made as the firewalls have been in place for many years and then had the external firewall grafted in (or less commonly, the internal firewall). My recommendation is always to use a Cisco ASA as the external firewall and Juniper Net. With virtualization, a single piece of commodity hardware can displace a rack of gear that might have included VPN, firewall, intrusion prevention systems (IPS) and. Screen as the internal firewall. What ? No Checkpoint ? Definitely not. The capital cost, operational cost and stupid- assed complexity of a Checkpoint/Nokia solution is horrendous. Not only are they expensive to buy, but very expensive to operate because they are so complicated. I haven’t seen a ‘proper and secure’ Checkpoint firewall in large companies because no one can make them work properly. As soon as problems start, all of the security features are turned off to get things working, and then they are never turned back on because of change control. This makes them the worst firewall product around. And while it’s true that you COULD make Checkpoint secure, in the real world, you don’t want to be hiring Checkpoint experts just to manage firewalls, you need network people who are multi- skilled and part of cross- functional multidiscipline team. The days of the “firewalls only” team have passed. People who manage Checkpoint firewalls will need to be completely focussed on that one product, and will not usually have enough time to work on other parts of the network. This is poor value for money for most organisations. Location – Where do you put the DMZ ? Now DMZ are often specified by security people as a intermediate security zone for hosting systems that need to exposed to external parties, but also need to send data to the internal network. In a dual layer firewall, you could choose create a DMZ in a number of the different places. To create a DMZ you need tocreate some VLAN’s on your switch infrastructurean IP interface on Firewalls with an address from a IP Subnet that you have allocatedfirewall rules that permit / deby traffic to and from the DMZLets look at the different options for where you might want to locate the DMZDMZ on the External Firewall. You could choose to put the DMZ on the external firewall, like so: It is my opinion that this is probably not the right place. If you believe in having two firewalls for security, then putting your services behind a single firewall from the external and untrusted zone is not consistent. In fact, you see this reasonably often when the external firewall was the ‘original’ firewall, and the internal firewall was added later. DMZ on the Internal Firewall. You could choose to the put the DMZ on the internal firewall, like so: The reasons that I most prefer this design is: traffic from the external and untrusted source passes through two firewalls thus meeting the intention of dual firewalls. Consider all of the administration traffic to the servers in the DMZ. Therefore, passing internal traffic through a single firewall reduces the cost of ownership by reducing the numbers rules needed in the firewalls. Because all external flows pass through the external firewalls, it is consistent with operational troubleshooting. DMZ between the Firewall’s. This is starting to get clever, and is actually very common. You see, once you start adding DMZ’s to your network, you can’t have just one, you always end up with a quite few. This type of DMZ Design looks really attractive, and people without a lot of design experience think that this is simply brilliant. I mean, it looks really marvellous when you draw it, and and it JUST LIKE THE RIGHT THING. Here is what is wrong with this idea: Routing – the servers in the DMZ need to have routing tables to decide which interface to send traffic. My life is too short to spend time explaining routing to server engineers (even when Microsoft includes it in their curriculum). Routing – on the firewall. Your firewall is not a router, and should’nt be used like one. Testing and Service – you cannot access the outside DMZ interfaces from the internal network without really painful procedures. Accessing the outside interfaces. Let me draw accessing the outside interface. After all, you are monitoring these services for availability aren’t you ? As you can see, sending data to that external network means quite a lot of work. Routing, firewall rules and this all adds up to something that can easily go wrong and costs extra money to build and maintain. DMZ bridges from the External to the Internal (Servers as a Firewall)Now this idea usually comes from someone on the server team, because they sometimes think that servers are a firewall. In fact, the entire security world believes that servers are the very thing we are trying to protect and that operating systems such as Windows and Linux are not to be trusted. Still, I’ve seen it a few times and it’s always been a bad idea. So, some recommendations. For the reasons I have outlined, the DMZ on the Internal Firewall makes the most sense. It’s easy to operate, and keeps the complexity on the internal firewall. I haven’t discussed it here, but it also works better when you have HA firewalls. Thanks.. I created HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\Current. Control. Set\Services\Tcpip. Parameters\Disabled. Currently I’m studying for the 70-410 Exam. I’m currently creating a sheet for the PowerShell commands I encounter during the study. This list will grow during my. Components with value 0x. 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